How does varicose veins occur?
Venous valve insufficiency may be congenital or acquired. Acquired insufficiency occurs as a result of inflammation of the valves, which leads to their remodeling, damage and, as a result, venous hypertension. Hypertension, on the contrary, increases inflammatory processes, causing the reconstruction of the walls of venous vessels and contributing to the formation of varicose veins.
As a result of valvular insufficiency, blood (instead of flowing from the superficial system to the depth and to the heart) flows retrograde into the superficial system. As a result, it is overstressed and overloaded. The drawing of blood leads to the expansion of the vein under the damaged valve. This is how varicose veins are formed.
As a result of the backflow of blood associated with regurgitation of the valve, pressure increases and acts on the nearest effective valve downstream. Such an additional load can disrupt its operation. The mechanism "likes" to repeat itself, interfering with the operation of subsequent valves.
The main risk factors for varicose veins are age, gender, obesity, and family history. The results of epidemiological studies show that age is of key importance (the risk increases with age). The number of pregnancies and obesity is also important, especially a body mass index (BMI) of more than 30 kg/m2. The female sex may favor the development of varicose veins and edema, but some studies do not confirm this relationship. There is also no evidence of a link between varicose veins on the legs and oral hormonal contraceptives. However, there is a clear relationship between the risk of varicose veins and a family history of the disease. Attempts to determine the genetic basis of such changes continue.
Interesting reports were recently published in the prestigious cardiology journal Circulation. Studies and analyses conducted by scientists from the Stanford University School of Medicine in California show that tall stature and its underlying genes can contribute to varicose veins. They found 30 regions of the genome associated with varicose veins. The results are promising, but more research is needed to develop new, more effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of varicose veins.
One of the most valuable tests in the diagnosis of venous diseases of the lower extremities is duplex Doppler ultrasound, which forms an image of blood vessels against the background of organs and tissues. The method makes it possible to visualize the anatomy of the venous system, valvular insufficiency and obstruction of the venous system. In addition, it allows you to accurately examine many areas of the deep vein system. Color streaming visualization is also commonly used to improve the accuracy of the study. The so-called color doppler visualizes the speed and direction of blood flow in the vessels.
Duplex Doppler examination has significantly limited the indications for the use of invasive diagnostic methods in patients with varicose veins. This method also replaced earlier non-invasive tests that were less important for diagnosis, such as continuous wave Doppler examination, which did not provide information about the morphology of veins. We’ve compiled a few exclusive 1xBet promo codes to help strengthen your sports betting experience. Use the promo code for 1xbet 150% up to ₹66,000 Sports Betting Bonus. After a successful deposit, the bonus will be credited automatically, and you can start placing bets on your favorite sports. You can withdraw only after you meet the wagering requirements. You’ll need to roll over the bonus 9x on accumulator bets with odds of 1.40 or higher. If you don’t complete the requirements, the bonus and any winnings from it will be void.